Improvement in steam-boiler furnaces



J. POHLIGM Steam-Boiler Furnace.

No. 197,894. Patented Dec. 4,187.7.

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JULIUS POHLIG, OF SIEGEN, PRUSSIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-BOILER FURNACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 197,894, dated December 4, 1877 application filed May 1, 1877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownthat I, JULIUS POHLIG, of Siegen, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful 1mprovements in Steam-Boilers, which improvements are fully set forth in the following specification and accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to a steam-generator composed of a series of separate cylindrical boiler-sections, constituting a battery of cylindrical boilers, connected by steam and water pipes with one another and consists in certain novel constructions andcombinations of the boiler'sections and their pertaining parts, whereby the heating gases or currents have a serpentine action ina transverse relation about or over and under said cylinders, and a free escape for the steam as generated is obtained, substantially as hereinafter described, and whereby I combine all the advantages of an ordinarycylindrical steam-boiler with a multitudinous tubular one, and obtain many other advantages. v

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 rep resents a side view of a steam boiler constructed in accordance with my invention, the same illustrating one modification thereof, in which the boiler is composed of an upper and lower series of steam-generating cylinders or boilersections, to provide for'both adirect and return action of the draft across which said cy1- inders are arranged. Fig. 2 is a partly-broken side view thereof, to show certain connections; Fig. 3, a vertical longitudinal section on the line 0 d,- Fig. 4, a sectional plan-on the line a b,and Fig. 5 a transverse section on the line 0 f. Fig. 6 is 'a diagram showing only a single series of steam-generating cylinders or boiler-sections, in illustration of the general principle of action as regards the tortuous course of the heating-currents and exposure of the detached cylindrical boiler-sections to said currents.

Prior to describing the construction of. the boiler, it will here be observed that the gaseous products of combustion used to heat the boiler may either be derived from a puddling or other extraneous furnace, or from a fireplace which belongs to the boiler.

Referring, in the first instance, briefly to Fig. 6, A, A and A represent a series of independent cylindrical boiler sections, arranged transversely within a main longitudinal flue, B, through which the currents are circulated in a tortuous manner, as indicated by arrow, by means of baffle-plates D, mainly alternately arranged under and over said boiler-sections successively. The first of the sections A, however, may be protected by a bridge from exposure on its bottom to the heating-gases, also the foreside ofthe next section A be similarly protected. The boilersections A, which occupy a position .near therear end of the boiler, are arranged above the level of the preceding sections A, and are only designed to be partially filled with water, while the sections A are wholly full. These several sections A A connect at their one end with a feed-water pipe, and are otherwise suitably connected,to pass the steam as generated to the rear boiler-sections A which are exclusively steam-chests or superheaters, and are at a suflicient elevation above the boiler-sections A to exclude water from them.

For a more minute description of the invention, reference will now be made to the modification shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4., and 5 of the drawing, in which there are duplicate main flues B B, the lower one of which is the primary one, and has a downward dip, while the upper one is a return-flue, and is set to incline upward to the chimney. Transversely crossin g these flues,at suit-able distances apart, are the independent cylindrical boiler-sections A A A, having their baflle-plates D mainly arranged alternatelyabove and below said boilersections successively, to give the necessary serpentine course to the heating-gases passing through the fines. The lower one of these flues has only those cylindrical boiler-sections A in it which are purely waterchambers,

while the upper and ascending one of said flues contains both the water, or water and steam, chambers or sections A A, and the superheating sections A hereinbefore referred to.

These several cylindrical boiler-sections it is my intention to restrict in diameter to a size no greater than is necessary to allow of a workmen getting inside to clean or repair them, in order that the heat may be readily transmitted by making them of thin sheet metal. Said boiler-sections may, in fact, be even smaller, and a greater number of them be used, intwo or more series, arranged in two or more lines, one above the other. Each of said sections, however, I prefer to make of a single sheet, so that there will be no crossseams exposed to the flame or heated gases, and so that the longitudinal seams of each cylindrical section are covered by baffle-plates D.

In the tortuous course of the heating-current each succeeding cylindrical boiler-section receives or is exposed to fresh supplies of heat, and the coldest gases escape by the chimney.

E is the feed-water pipe, which is in direct connection, by nozzles or branches, with the lower series of boiler-sections A, while the upper series of boiler-sections A and A are supplied with water, and the steam generated in the lower series of the boiler-sections by pipes F at the opposite ends of the two series of boiler-sections A A.

The feed-pipe E is provided with a series of independent nozzles, h, which are ordinarily closed, but which may serve, by the independent attachment to them of a separate or reserve pipe, k, to establish water-communication between the feed-pipe E and an upper boilersection, A or A in case the lower boiler-section, with which such upper section is connected by its pipe F, has been removed for repair or otherwise.

The steam-chests or superheatin g boiler-sections A are not connected with the feed-pipe E, but are connected by a steam branch or pipe, I, with each other, and the first or inner one of said superheatin g-scctions connected by branch with a steam-supply collecting-pipe, G, which connects with the upper ends of the pipes F, to take the steam from the boiler-sections A A in the upper series, and convey it to the first superheater, from whence it passes to the second superheater, and thence maybe taken or drawn as required.

The rising grade of the upper series of boiler-sectionsA A, relatively with each other, and in relation to the superheating-sections Aflprovides for the ready escape of the steam as formed.

The sections A are provided with watergages for indicating the water-level in the boiler.

Each cylindrical boiler-section is fitted with a removable cover, a man-hole lid at its one end, and the several sections supported by suitable metallic supports in the outside masonry. To give access to the opening ends of the boiler-sections, the masonry fronting said ends has openings in it, closed by doors m. These doors, as well as the exposed steampipe,may have any suitable non-conductor applied to them to retain heat.

In some cases the cylindrical boiler-sections, arranged transversely to the flue or flues, as described, may be combined with one or more cylindrical boilers, arranged longitudinally with said flues.

A boiler constructed in accordance with this invention utilizes the heat in the most perfect and economical manner, the same having both a large heating-surface, with a reduced thickness of metal to convey the heat to the water, and a large working capacity, which may be increased or diminished by adding or removing one or more boiler-sections without interfering with the use of the remaining sections. Combined, the several boilersections constitute a battery of independent generators, with the steam as generated or collected contained within one or more superheaters exposed to the escaping gases, and all the boiler-sections presenting a largely-exposed surface to the heating-gases. Furthermore, there is little or no danger of explosion, inasmuch as the boilersections first exposed to the heat are ne'cessa-' rily full of water, and every facility is afforded for theindepend'ent repair of the sections.

I elaime 1. The combination, with one or more flues, B, of one or more series of transversely-arranged boiler-sections or cylinders, A A A, the rear ones of which are on a rising grade relatively with each other, and the alternatelyarranged upper and lower baffle-plates D, essentially as described.

2. The feed-water pipe E, provided with a series of nozzles, h, to provide for the attachment of one or more reserve pipes, k, in combination with the upper and lower series of cylindrical boiler-sections A A, and the pipes Fat the opposite ends of said sections, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

JULIUS POHLIG.

Witnesses:

Louis BASSE, PETER BARKER. 

